Packaging is the science, art and technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers to the process of design, evaluation, and production of packages.Packaging can be described as a coordinated system of preparing goods for transport, warehousing, logistics, sale, and end use.

Objectives for Packaging and labelling

1. Physical protection - The objects enclosed in the package may require protection from, among other things, shock, vibration, compression, temperature, etc.
2. Barrier protection - A barrier from oxygen, water vapor, dust, etc., is often required.
3. Containment or agglomeration - Small objects are typically grouped together in one package for reasons of efficiency. For example, a single box of 1000 pens requires less physical handling than 1000 single pens. Liquids, powders, and granules need containment.
4. Information transmission - Packages and labels communicate how to use, transport, recycle, or dispose of the package or product.
5. Marketing - The packaging and labels can be used by marketers to encourage potential buyers to purchase the product.
6. Security - Packaging can play an important role in reducing the security risks of shipment.
7. Convenience - Packages can have features which add convenience in distribution, handling, stacking, display, sale, opening, closing, use, and reuse.

Packaging types

  Packaging may be looked at as several different types. For example a transport package or distribution package is the package form used to ship, store, and handle the product or inner packages. It is sometimes convenient to categorize packages by layer or function: "primary", "secondary", etc.

1. Primary packaging is the material that first envelops the product and holds it. This usually is the smallest unit of distribution or use and is the package which is in direct contact with the contents.
2. Secondary packaging is outside the primary packaging – perhaps used to group primary packages together.
3. Tertiary packaging is used for bulk handling, warehouse storage and transport shipping.

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